必學片語動詞（二）
相信大家對 call（動詞）和 off（介詞）應該不會感到陌生，但大家又是否知道phrasal verb“call off” 的意思？其實，“call off”解作「取消」，例如“call off a meeting”。又例如，大家應該知道 come（動詞）和 about（介詞）的意思，但很多人卻未必知道“come about”解作「產生、出現」，如“How did the issue come about?”。其實，phrasal verbs 的組合千變萬化，同一個動詞可以配搭上不同的介詞，每個組合又能衍生各種意思，令不少香港學生學習時感到困難。
Phrasal verbs除了分為上星期提及的 separable（可分開的）及inseparable（不能分開的）之外，還有three-word（三字的）及 Intransitive（不及物的）兩大類別，今期就讓我們一起學習最後兩類的phrasal verbs吧。
- Three-word Phrasal Verbs （三字片語動詞）
三個字的片語動詞有時會較複雜，另外加上去的單字（通常都是介詞）可以賦予整個片語動一個新的含意。以下是一些常見的例子：
|
片語動詞 |
解釋 |
例句 |
|
come up with |
想出主意或計劃 |
The sales department has come up with a new plan to double the sales for the next quarter. |
|
catch up with |
趕上 |
After our month-long study break, it was time to catch up with the classmates and the class gossip. |
|
drop out of |
退出、輟學 |
I hope none of the classmates will drop out of the team-building course this time. |
|
get along with |
融洽相處 |
I find it very hard to get along with the new lecturer. She’s too bossy and picky. |
|
get away with |
做錯事而不被懲罰 |
The candidate cheated on the exam and then tried to get away with it. |
|
get rid of |
趕走、清除 |
The owner tried to get rid of the corrupt CEO in the recent board meeting. |
|
look forward to |
盼望 |
I always look forward to the beginning of the peak season. |
|
look down on |
看不起、蔑視 |
The new assistant thinks others look down on him because he didn’t go to university. |
|
put up with |
忍受 |
The secretary has to put up with a great deal of nonsense from the new boss. |
|
run out of |
用完、耗盡 |
We will run out of A4 paper before the end of the day. |
- Intransitive Phrasal Verbs （不及物片語動詞）
所謂不及物片語動詞，即是動詞後無須配搭一個賓語（object）。請參考以下例子：
|
片語動詞 |
解釋 |
例句 |
|
break down |
故障 |
That photocopier had a tendency to break down when I needed it most. |
|
drop by |
順便拜訪 |
We used to just drop by, but they were never in the office. |
|
get by |
錢勉強夠花 |
The cleaner didn’t have much money, but he always seemed to get by without borrowing money from others. |
|
go on |
繼續 |
He would finish one thick report and then just go on to the next. |
|
keep away |
遠離 |
The supervisor warned the staff to keep away from the trouble making customers. |
|
pass out |
暈倒、失去知覺 |
He had drunk too much in the annual party and passed out on the sidewalk outside the venue. |
|
show off |
炫耀 |
Whenever my manager gave us a ride, we knew he was going to show off his brand new BMW. |
|
show up
|
到達、露面
|
Day after day, the new student showed up for class 30 minutes late. |
學習 phrasal verbs 的竅門，不外乎「多聽、多閱讀、多運用」，只有重複練習，才能手到拿來，運用自如。
